[ubuntu20.04] OS 기본 설정

1 .root 암호 설정

ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ sudo passwd
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully

2. 서버 업데이트

ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo apt-get update -y
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade -y
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y

3. 시스템 호스트네임 설정(설정 후 터미널 재 접속)

ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname web
ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-logind.service
ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ sudo vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost
# 새로 추가
10.200.1.122 web

4. History(작업 이력) 및 세션 timeout 설정

ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ history

    1  sudo passwd

ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ sudo vi /etc/profile

HISTTIMEFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d [%H:%M:%S]" # history 포맷 설정
export HISTTIMEFORMAT
HISTFILESIZE=10000 # history 기록 사이즈 및 수 설정
HISTSIZE=10000

TMOUT=600 # 터미널에서 아무런 작업이 없을 시 세션 종료 설정(초)
export TMOUT

ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ source /etc/profile
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ echo $HISTSIZE
10000

ubuntu@ip-10-200-1-122:~$ history
1 2021-03-19 [13:39:29] sudo passwd
2 2021-03-19 [13:41:01] sudo vi /etc/profile

ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ history -w command-list-20210319.txt # history 파일 백업

5. 시간 설정

ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ date
Wed Dec 18 00:22:05 UTC 2019
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
Current default time zone: 'Asia/Seoul'
Local time is now: Wed Dec 18 09:22:34 KST 2019.
Universal Time is now: Wed Dec 18 00:22:34 UTC 2019.

ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ date
Wed Dec 18 09:22:39 KST 2019

6. 로그 설정(messages 및 su 이력)

root@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo vi /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf

# 주석제거
*.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\ 
        auth,authpriv.none;\
        cron,daemon.none;\
        mail,news.none          -/var/log/messages

root@ubuntu_sample:/var/log$ sudo service rsyslog restart
root@ubuntu_sample:/var/log$ ls -al /var/log/messages
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 578 Dec 18 10:01 messages

ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo vi /etc/login.defs

# 주석제거
SULOG_FILE /var/log/sulog

7. Loglotate 설정(매일 백업)

/var/log/syslog
{
        su root root
        rotate 31
        daily
        missingok
        notifempty
        nocompress
        delaycompress
        dateext
        dateyesterday
        postrotate
                /usr/lib/rsyslog/rsyslog-rotate
        endscript
}

/var/log/mail.info
/var/log/mail.warn
/var/log/mail.err
/var/log/mail.log
/var/log/daemon.log
/var/log/kern.log
/var/log/auth.log
/var/log/user.log
/var/log/lpr.log
/var/log/cron.log
/var/log/debug
/var/log/messages
{
        su root root
        rotate 31
        daily
        missingok
        notifempty
        nocompress
        dateext
        dateyesterday
        delaycompress
        sharedscripts
        postrotate
                /usr/lib/rsyslog/rsyslog-rotate
        endscript
}

root@ubuntu_sample1:/var/log$ vi /etc/crontab

# crontab 등록. 매일 00시에 logrotate 실행
0 0 * * * root logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/rsyslog

8. SWAP 메모리 설정

ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ free -m
      total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem:   983  103  165    0       714       709
Swap:   0    0    0
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo fallocate -l 2G /swapfile
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo mkswap /swapfile
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2 GiB (2147479552 bytes)
no label, UUID=6d1ca84c-9aaf-4326-92a9-87e846e70a24
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo swapon /swapfile
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ vi /etc/fstab
ubuntu@ubuntu_sample:~$ free -m
      total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem:   983  104   163    0      716       709
Swap: 2047   0   2047

[ubuntu20.04] OS 기본 설정